Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY

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TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY COSTS
In 2018, we launched a multi-year, enterprise-wide transformation strategy impacting our organization. The program includes investments, as well as changes in processes and technology, that impact global direct and indirect operating costs.
The table below presents the transformation strategy costs for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in millions):
2021 2020 2019
Compensation and benefits $ 206  $ 211  $ 166 
Total other expenses 174  137  89 
Total Transformation Strategy Costs $ 380  $ 348  $ 255 
Income Tax Benefit from Transformation Strategy Costs (95) (83) (59)
After-Tax Transformation Strategy Costs $ 285  $ 265  $ 196 
The income tax effects of transformation strategy costs are calculated by multiplying the amount of the adjustments by the statutory tax rates applicable in each tax jurisdiction.