INCOME TAXES (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Income Tax Expense Benefit |
The income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 consists of the following (in millions):
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2023 |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
Current: |
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Federal |
$ |
1,012 |
|
|
$ |
2,006 |
|
|
$ |
1,388 |
|
U.S. State and Local |
195 |
|
|
273 |
|
|
194 |
|
Non-U.S. |
459 |
|
|
467 |
|
|
478 |
|
Total Current |
1,666 |
|
|
2,746 |
|
|
2,060 |
|
Deferred: |
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Federal |
150 |
|
|
296 |
|
|
1,311 |
|
U.S. State and Local |
20 |
|
|
136 |
|
|
273 |
|
Non-U.S. |
29 |
|
|
99 |
|
|
61 |
|
Total Deferred |
199 |
|
|
531 |
|
|
1,645 |
|
Total Income Tax Expense |
$ |
1,865 |
|
|
$ |
3,277 |
|
|
$ |
3,705 |
|
|
Income Before Income Taxes |
Income before income taxes includes the following components (in millions):
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2023 |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
United States |
$ |
6,246 |
|
|
$ |
12,276 |
|
|
$ |
14,220 |
|
Non-U.S. |
2,327 |
|
|
2,549 |
|
|
2,375 |
|
Total Income Before Income Taxes: |
$ |
8,573 |
|
|
$ |
14,825 |
|
|
$ |
16,595 |
|
|
Reconciliation of Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Effective Income Tax Rate |
A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 consists of the following:
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2023 |
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate |
21.0 |
% |
|
21.0 |
% |
|
21.0 |
% |
U.S. state and local income taxes (net of federal benefit) |
1.9 |
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
2.2 |
|
Non-U.S. tax rate differential |
(0.6) |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
— |
|
U.S. federal tax credits |
(0.7) |
|
|
(0.5) |
|
|
(0.4) |
|
Goodwill and other asset impairments |
0.1 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Net uncertain tax positions |
(0.5) |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
0.6 |
|
Other |
0.6 |
|
|
(0.9) |
|
|
(1.1) |
|
Effective income tax rate |
21.8 |
% |
|
22.1 |
% |
|
22.3 |
% |
|
Deferred Tax Liabilities and Assets |
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are comprised of the following as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):
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|
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|
2023 |
|
2022 |
Fixed assets and capitalized software |
$ |
(5,974) |
|
|
$ |
(5,819) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets |
(1,017) |
|
|
(893) |
|
Other |
(605) |
|
|
(708) |
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
(7,596) |
|
|
(7,420) |
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and postretirement benefits |
1,304 |
|
|
637 |
|
Loss and credit carryforwards |
232 |
|
|
242 |
|
Insurance reserves |
626 |
|
|
603 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation |
158 |
|
|
315 |
|
Accrued employee compensation |
354 |
|
|
304 |
|
Operating lease liabilities |
1,073 |
|
|
948 |
|
Other |
322 |
|
|
331 |
|
Deferred tax assets |
4,069 |
|
|
3,380 |
|
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance |
(119) |
|
|
(123) |
|
Deferred tax asset (net of valuation allowance) |
3,950 |
|
|
3,257 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax asset (liability) |
$ |
(3,646) |
|
|
$ |
(4,163) |
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts recognized in our consolidated balance sheets: |
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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Deferred tax assets |
$ |
126 |
|
|
$ |
139 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
(3,772) |
|
|
(4,302) |
|
Net deferred tax asset (liability) |
$ |
(3,646) |
|
|
$ |
(4,163) |
|
|
U.S. State and Local Operating Loss and Credit Carryforwards |
Further, we have U.S. state and local operating loss and credit carryforwards as follows (in millions):
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|
2023 |
|
2022 |
U.S. state and local operating loss carryforwards |
$ |
762 |
|
|
$ |
653 |
|
U.S. state and local credit carryforwards |
$ |
48 |
|
|
$ |
46 |
|
|
Summarized Activity Related to Unrecognized Tax Benefits |
The following table summarizes the activity related to our uncertain tax positions (in millions):
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Tax |
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Interest |
|
Penalties |
Balance as of January 1, 2021 |
$ |
333 |
|
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
4 |
|
Additions for tax positions of the current year |
85 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Additions for tax positions of prior years |
107 |
|
|
23 |
|
|
— |
|
Reductions for tax positions of prior years for: |
|
|
|
|
|
Changes based on facts and circumstances |
(42) |
|
|
(4) |
|
|
(2) |
|
Settlements during the period |
(3) |
|
|
(2) |
|
|
— |
|
Lapses of applicable statute of limitations |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Balance as of December 31, 2021 |
480 |
|
|
78 |
|
|
2 |
|
Additions for tax positions of the current year |
56 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Additions for tax positions of prior years |
25 |
|
|
30 |
|
|
2 |
|
Reductions for tax positions of prior years for: |
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|
|
|
|
Changes based on facts and circumstances |
(9) |
|
|
(1) |
|
|
— |
|
Settlements during the period |
(10) |
|
|
(1) |
|
|
— |
|
Lapses of applicable statute of limitations |
(9) |
|
|
(2) |
|
|
— |
|
Balance as of December 31, 2022 |
533 |
|
|
104 |
|
|
4 |
|
Additions for tax positions of the current year |
26 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Additions for tax positions of prior years |
147 |
|
|
37 |
|
|
1 |
|
Reductions for tax positions of prior years for: |
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|
|
|
|
Changes based on facts and circumstances |
(164) |
|
|
(24) |
|
|
(1) |
|
Settlements during the period |
(47) |
|
|
(9) |
|
|
— |
|
Lapses of applicable statute of limitations |
(3) |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Balance as of December 31, 2023 |
$ |
492 |
|
|
$ |
108 |
|
|
$ |
4 |
|
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