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| TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY COSTS |
NOTE 18. TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY COSTS
As previously disclosed, we are undertaking an enterprise-wide transformation of our organization that includes various projects and initiatives, including workforce reductions and changes in processes and technology, that impact our global direct and indirect operating costs.
The table below presents transformation strategy costs for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):
Compensation and benefit costs under these programs are primarily related to severance costs incurred in conjunction with reductions in our workforce. We are primarily accounting for these separations under ASC Topic 712 as they have been, or will be, carried out under a plan which provides a contractual termination benefit to impacted employees. The nature of our separation initiatives has resulted in a relatively short period of time, typically less than one year, between the point at which the separation meets the criteria for recognition as an accrual and the point at which the separation is completed.
Other expenses incurred in furtherance of our transformation strategy have been primarily related to fees paid to third-party service providers that supported modernization of our corporate support functions, assisted in our strategic reviews and contributed to our financial systems transition and healthcare strategy.
The income tax effects of Transformation strategy costs are calculated by multiplying the amount of the adjustments by the statutory tax rates applicable in each tax jurisdiction.
Transformation strategy costs during the periods presented related to our Transformation 2.0, Fit to Serve and Network reconfiguration and Efficiency Reimagined programs. Total costs by program are shown in the table below for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):
Transformation 1.0:
Transformation 1.0 was a fundamental change in the Company’s operating model, moving certain functions from a decentralized operating model supported by disparate technology to a centralized model, leveraging third-party offshore resources to supplement our internal resources. The Company completed Transformation 1.0 in 2023.
Transformation 2.0:
Based on efficiencies gained as a part of Transformation 1.0, and in connection with changes in our executive leadership in 2020, we identified and reprioritized certain then-current and future investments, including investments in our workforce, portfolio of businesses and technology (such projects, collectively, “Transformation 2.0”). Specifically, we identified opportunities to reduce spans and layers of management, began a review of our business portfolio and identified opportunities to invest in certain technologies, including financial reporting and certain schedule, time and pay systems, to reduce global indirect operating costs, provide better visibility, and reduce reliance on legacy systems and coding languages. Our organizational structure review indicated an opportunity to realize initial savings of approximately $400 million with potential opportunities to save up to an additional $240 million through the reduction of spans and layers of management with an anticipation that these savings would be recurring. The business portfolio review was expanded in 2022. As a result thereof, we determined to exit certain businesses that were not aligned with our corporate strategy and determined to make new investments into certain businesses, including healthcare-focused businesses, better aligned to our strategic targets. In connection therewith, we incurred costs primarily consisting of outside professional fees related to these reviews and other costs related to these transactions. Lastly, our review of our systems and technologies identified certain areas of our business that were reliant on outdated technologies. Our reviews determined that continued use of these legacy technologies would likely increase maintenance costs and that investments into new technologies would enhance our ability to leverage our data and allow us to establish a more flexible system architecture. As of December 31, 2023, we substantially completed our initiatives to reduce spans and layers of management and achieved savings in line with our anticipated benefits. Our ongoing efforts under Transformation 2.0 include initiatives related to our financial systems and our business portfolio review. As of December 31, 2024, we have incurred $798 million of costs as part of Transformation 2.0. Transformation 2.0 initiatives are expected to conclude during 2025, with anticipated remaining costs of approximately $90 million primarily related to completion of our technology initiatives.
Fit to Serve
During 2023, we began our "Fit to Serve" initiative intended to right-size our business through a workforce reduction of approximately 14,000 positions, primarily within management, and create a more efficient operating model to enhance responsiveness to changing market dynamics.
Accruals for separation costs of $45 and $205 million within Fit to Serve were included in our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Separations accrued as of December 31, 2023 have been substantially completed and we expect that amounts accrued as of December 31, 2024 will be paid through the first half of 2025. As of December 31, 2024, we have incurred total costs of $416 million and anticipate that we will incur additional costs of approximately $45 million under Fit to Serve. Fit to Serve is expected to conclude in 2025.
Network Reconfiguration and Efficiency Reimagined
In the first quarter of 2025, as previously disclosed we entered into an agreement in principle with our largest customer to significantly reduce the volume we deliver for them. We expect volume from this customer to decline to approximately 50% of year end 2024 levels by mid-2026. We are making a deliberate shift in our business to increase our focus on growing higher yielding volume. We expect that these actions will result in reduced revenues within our U.S. Domestic Package segment, as described below, during 2025 relative to 2024.
In conjunction therewith, as disclosed on January 30, 2025, we are beginning a network reconfiguration within the U.S. which is expected to lead to consolidations of our facilities and workforce as well as an end-to-end process redesign through 2027. This network reconfiguration, which is an expansion of our Network of the Future program, is expected to result in exit activities that could result in the closure of up to 10% of our buildings in 2025, a reduction in the size of our vehicle and aircraft fleets, and a decrease in the size of our workforce, which we expect will lead to additional expense. The costs directly associated with these activities are in addition to operational costs that we may incur. We are not yet able to determine the specific assets or extent of our workforce that will be impacted by our network redesign, the timing of those future changes or
the associated charges we will incur and therefore are not currently able to provide an estimate of the total cost or the cost by period. We expect that impacted assets will remain in use during some or all of the periods of our network reconfiguration.
We expect to partially offset costs to complete our network reconfiguration through end-to-end process redesign carried out during our network reconfiguration through our Efficiency Reimagined initiatives. These initiatives are being undertaken to align our organizational processes to the operational changes expected to occur in our network reconfiguration and drive organizational efficiency. These initiatives are expected to yield approximately $1.0 billion in annualized savings beginning in 2025. We incurred related costs of $35 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024. We expect to incur related costs of approximately $300 to $400 million during 2025 and incremental costs in 2026 and 2027 to complete the program primarily associated with outside professional services and severance costs. Upon the completion of our network reconfiguration and Efficiency Reimagined initiatives, we expect to realize further benefits in subsequent periods from lower expense, including depreciation, compensation, benefit and other, as well as lower capital requirements.
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