ups-20230331

United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________________

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023 or


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-15451

_____________________________________

United Parcel Service, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

58-2480149

(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

55 Glenlake Parkway N.E. ,

Atlanta,

Georgia

30328

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

(404) 828-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

____________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share

UPS

New York Stock Exchange

0.375% Senior Notes due 2023

UPS23A

New York Stock Exchange

1.625% Senior Notes due 2025

UPS25

New York Stock Exchange

1% Senior Notes due 2028

UPS28

New York Stock Exchange

1.500% Senior Notes due 2032

UPS32

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

There were 134,106,663 Class A shares, and 724,779,682 Class B shares, with a par value of $0.01 per share, outstanding at April 24, 2023.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements	1
Item 1.	Financial Statements	2
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	2
	Statements of Consolidated Income	3
	Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss)	3
	Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows	4
	Notes to Unaudited, Consolidated Financial Statements	5
	Note 1—Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies	5
	Note 2—Recent Accounting Pronouncements	7
	Note 3—Revenue Recognition	8
	Note 4—Stock-Based Compensation	10
	Note 5—Marketable Securities and Non-Current Investments	12
	Note 6—Property, Plant and Equipment	15
	Note 7—Employee Benefit Plans	16
	Note 8—Goodwill and Intangible Assets	18
	Note 9—Debt and Financing Arrangements	20
	Note 10—Leases	23
	Note 11—Legal Proceedings and Contingencies	26
	Note 12—Shareowners’ Equity	27
	Note 13—Segment Information	31
	Note 14—Earnings Per Share	32
	Note 15—Derivative Instruments and Risk Management	33
	Note 16—Income Taxes	37
	Note 17—Transformation Strategy Costs	38
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	39
	Overview	39
	Supplemental Information - Items Affecting Comparability	41
	Results of Operations - Segment Review	43
	U.S. Domestic Package Operations	44
	International Package Operations	47
	Supply Chain Solutions Operations	50
	Consolidated Operating Expenses	52
	Other Income and (Expense)	55
	Income Tax Expense	56
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	57
	Cash Flows From Operating Activities	57
	Cash Flows From Investing Activities	58
	Cash Flows From Financing Activities	59
	Sources of Credit	60
	Contractual Commitments	60
	Legal Proceedings and Contingencies	60
	Collective Bargaining Agreements	60
	Recent Accounting Pronouncements	60
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	61
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	62
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	63
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	63
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	64
Item 6.	Exhibits	65

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements

This report, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission contain and in the future may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Statements other than those of current or historical fact, and all statements accompanied by terms such as “will,” “believe,” “project,” “expect,” “estimate,” “assume,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “target,” “plan,” and similar terms, are intended to be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made subject to the safe harbor provisions of the federal securities laws pursuant to Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

From time to time, we also include written or oral forward-looking statements in other publicly disclosed materials. Such statements may relate to our intent, belief, forecasts of, or current expectations about our strategic direction, prospects, future results, or future events; they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Management believes that these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made. However, caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements because such statements speak only as of the date when made and the future, by its very nature, cannot be predicted with certainty.

Forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or anticipated results. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the impact of: continued uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic; changes in general economic conditions, in the U.S. or internationally; industry evolution and significant competition; changes in our relationships with any of our significant customers; our ability to attract and retain qualified employees; strikes, work stoppages or slowdowns by our employees; results of negotiations and ratifications of labor contracts; our ability to maintain our brand image and corporate reputation; increased or more complex physical security requirements; a significant data breach or information technology system disruption; global climate change; interruptions in or impacts on our business from natural or man-made events or disasters including terrorist attacks, epidemics or pandemics; exposure to changing economic, political and social developments in international markets; our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures or strategic alliances; changing prices of energy, including gasoline, diesel and jet fuel, or interruptions in supplies of these commodities; changes in exchange rates or interest rates; our ability to accurately forecast our future capital investment needs; significant expenses and funding obligations relating to employee health, retiree health and/or pension benefits; our ability to manage insurance and claims expenses; changes in business strategy, government regulations, or economic or market conditions that may result in impairments of our assets; potential additional U.S. or international tax liabilities; increasingly stringent laws and regulations, including relating to climate change; potential claims or litigation related to labor and employment, personal injury, property damage, business practices, environmental liability and other matters; and other risks discussed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and subsequently filed reports. You should consider the limitations on, and risks associated with, forward-looking statements and not unduly rely on the accuracy of predictions contained in such forward-looking statements. We do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events, circumstances, changes in expectations, or the occurrence of unanticipated events after the date of those statements, except as required by law.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

March 31, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 (in millions)


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,190	$	5,602
Marketable securities	3,208		1,993
Accounts receivable	10,448		12,729
Less: Allowance for credit losses	(149)		(146)
Accounts receivable, net	10,299		12,583
Other current assets	2,028		2,039
Total Current Assets	21,725		22,217
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	34,995		34,719
Operating Lease Right-Of-Use Assets	4,089		3,755
Goodwill	4,249		4,223
Intangible Assets, Net	2,811		2,796
Deferred Income Tax Assets	155		139
Other Non-Current Assets	4,165		3,275
Total Assets	$	72,189	$	71,124
LIABILITIES AND SHAREOWNERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debt, commercial paper and finance leases	$	2,332	$	2,341
Current maturities of operating leases	668		621
Accounts payable	6,302		7,515
Accrued wages and withholdings	3,012		4,049
Self-insurance reserves	1,069		1,069
Accrued group welfare and retirement plan contributions	1,196		1,078
Other current liabilities	1,683		1,467
Total Current Liabilities	16,262		18,140
Long-Term Debt and Finance Leases	19,856		17,321
Non-Current Operating Leases	3,539		3,238
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations	4,602		4,807
Deferred Income Tax Liabilities	4,345		4,302
Other Non-Current Liabilities	3,532		3,513
Shareowners’ Equity:
Class A common stock (135 and 134 shares issued in 2023 and 2022, respectively)	2		2
Class B common stock (724 and 725 shares issued in 2023 and 2022, respectively)	7		7
Additional paid-in capital	—		—
Retained earnings	21,510		21,326
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,481)		(1,549)
Deferred compensation obligations	9		13
Less: Treasury stock (0.2 shares in both 2023 and 2022)	(9)		(13)
Total Equity for Controlling Interests	20,038		19,786
Noncontrolling interests	15		17
Total Shareowners’ Equity	20,053		19,803
Total Liabilities and Shareowners’ Equity	$	72,189	$	71,124

See notes to unaudited, consolidated financial statements.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED INCOME

(In millions, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022
Revenue		$	22,925	$	24,378
Operating Expenses:
Compensation and benefits		11,462		11,601
Repairs and maintenance		725		701
Depreciation and amortization		834		764
Purchased transportation		3,543		4,607
Fuel		1,271		1,220
Other occupancy		551		501
Other expenses		1,998		1,733
Total Operating Expenses		20,384		21,127
Operating Profit		2,541		3,251
Other Income and (Expense):
Investment income and other		169		315
Interest expense		(188)		(174)
Total Other Income and (Expense)		(19)		141
Income Before Income Taxes		2,522		3,392
Income Tax Expense		627		730
Net Income		$	1,895	$	2,662
Basic Earnings Per Share		$	2.20	$	3.05
Diluted Earnings Per Share		$	2.19	$	3.03

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In millions)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022
Net Income		$	1,895	$	2,662
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax		118		(40)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax		7		(6)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax		(77)		43
Change in unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit costs, net of tax		20		24
Comprehensive Income (Loss)		$	1,963	$	2,683

See notes to unaudited, consolidated financial statements.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS

(In millions)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income	$	1,895	$	2,662
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	834		764
Pension and postretirement benefit (income) expense	243		201
Pension and postretirement benefit contributions	(1,277)		(45)
Self-insurance reserves	(20)		(45)
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	56		209
Stock compensation expense	126		386
Other (gains) losses	(13)		44
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	2,254		1,227
Other assets	62		7
Accounts payable	(1,668)		(743)
Accrued wages and withholdings	(508)		(343)
Other liabilities	405		173
Other operating activities	(32)		(17)
Net cash from operating activities	2,357		4,480
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures	(609)		(548)
Proceeds from disposal of businesses, property, plant and equipment	5		—
Purchases of marketable securities	(2,371)		(68)
Sales and maturities of marketable securities	1,179		60
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(34)		1
Other investing activities	17		(17)
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,813)		(572)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Net change in short-term debt	—		—
Proceeds from long-term borrowings	2,503		—
Repayments of long-term borrowings	(65)		(18)
Purchases of common stock	(751)		(254)
Issuances of common stock	49		67
Dividends	(1,348)		(1,284)
Other financing activities	(384)		(481)
Net cash from/(used in) financing activities	4		(1,970)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	40		15
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	588		1,953
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:
Beginning of period	5,602		10,255
End of period	$	6,190	$	12,208

See notes to unaudited, consolidated financial statements.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying interim unaudited, consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These interim unaudited, consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly our financial position as of March 31, 2023 and our results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. The results reported in these interim unaudited, consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as indicative of results that may be expected for any other period or the entire year. The interim unaudited, consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited, consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

During the first quarter of 2023, we reclassified certain operating expenses to better align with the manner in which we manage our operations. Substantially all of these costs were previously classified within operating expenses as Other expenses and have now been classified within operating expenses as Repairs and maintenance in the statements of consolidated income. The remaining line items within operating expenses impacted by this reclassification were inconsequential. As a result, the statements of consolidated income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 give effect to this reclassification by decreasing Other expenses by $88 and $77 million, respectively, and increasing Repairs and maintenance by $83 and $75 million, respectively. The reclassification had no impact on our reported revenue, operating profit, net income, or any internal performance measure on which management is compensated.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, finance receivables and accounts payable approximated fair value as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The fair values of our marketable securities are disclosed in note 5, our recognized multiemployer pension withdrawal liabilities in note 7, our short- and long-term debt in note 9 and our derivative instruments in note 15. We apply a fair value hierarchy (Levels 1, 2 and 3) when measuring and reporting items at fair value. Fair values are based on listed market prices (Level 1), when such prices are available. To the extent that listed market prices are not available, fair value is determined based on other relevant factors, including dealer price quotations (Level 2). If listed market prices or other relevant factors are not available, inputs are developed from unobservable data reflecting our own assumptions and include situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability (Level 3).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying interim unaudited, consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingencies at the date of these financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Although our estimates contemplate current and expected future conditions, as applicable, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could differ from our expectations, which could materially affect our results of operations and financial position. As a result, our accounting estimates and assumptions may change significantly over time.

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Supplier Finance Programs

As part of our working capital management, certain financial institutions offer a Supply Chain Finance ("SCF") program to certain of our suppliers. We agree to commercial terms with our suppliers, including prices, quantities and payment terms, regardless of whether the supplier elects to participate in the SCF program. Suppliers issue invoices to us based on the agreed-upon contractual terms. If they participate in the SCF program, our suppliers, at their sole discretion, determine which invoices, if any, to sell to the financial institutions. Our suppliers’ voluntary inclusion of invoices in the SCF program has no bearing on our payment terms. No guarantees are provided by us under the SCF program. We have no economic interest in a supplier’s decision to participate, and we have no direct financial relationship with the financial institutions, as it relates to the SCF program.

Amounts due to our suppliers that participate in the SCF program are included in Accounts payable in our consolidated balance sheets. We have been informed by the participating financial institutions that as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, suppliers sold them $628 and $806 million, respectively, of our outstanding payment obligations.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") to enhance the disclosure of supplier finance programs. This ASU did not affect the recognition, measurement or financial statement presentation of obligations covered by supplier finance programs. We adopted the requirements of this ASU as of January 1, 2023 and have included required disclosures within note 1.

Other accounting pronouncements adopted during the periods covered by the unaudited, consolidated financial statements did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Effective

Accounting pronouncements issued before, but not effective until after, March 31, 2023, are not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or internal controls.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue Recognition

Substantially all of our revenues are from contracts associated with the pickup, transportation and delivery of packages and freight (“transportation services”). These services may be carried out by or arranged by us and generally occur over a short period of time. Additionally, we provide value-added logistics services to customers through our global network of distribution centers and field stocking locations.

The vast majority of our contracts with customers are for transportation services that include only one performance obligation; the transportation services themselves. We generally recognize revenue over time, based on the extent of progress towards completion of the services in the contract. All of our major businesses act as a principal in their revenue arrangements and as such, we report revenue and the associated purchased transportation costs on a gross basis within our statements of consolidated income.

Disaggregation of Revenue


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Revenue:
Next Day Air	$	2,461	$	2,594
Deferred	1,194		1,420
Ground	11,332		11,110
U.S. Domestic Package	14,987		15,124

Domestic	794		851
Export	3,552		3,778
Cargo & Other	197		247
International Package	4,543		4,876

Forwarding	1,514		2,589
Logistics	1,410		1,251
Other	471		538
Supply Chain Solutions	3,395		4,378

Consolidated revenue	$	22,925	$	24,378

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets include billed and unbilled amounts resulting from in-transit shipments, as we have an unconditional right to payment only when services have been completed (i.e. shipments have been delivered). Amounts do not exceed their net realizable value. Contract assets are generally classified as current and the full balance is converted each quarter based on the short-term nature of the transactions.

Contract liabilities consist of advance payments and billings in excess of revenue as well as deferred revenue. Advance payments and billings in excess of revenue represent payments received from our customers that will be earned over the contract term. Deferred revenue represents the amount due from customers related to in-transit shipments that has not yet been recognized as revenue based on our selected measure of progress. We classify advance payments and billings in excess of revenue as either current or long-term, depending on the period over which the amount will be earned. We classify deferred revenue as current based on the short-term nature of the transactions. Our contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. In order to determine revenue recognized in the period from contract liabilities, we first allocate revenue to the individual contract liability balance outstanding at the beginning of the period until the revenue exceeds that deferred revenue balance.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Contract assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows (in millions):


	Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Contract Assets:
Revenue related to in-transit packages	Other current assets	$	267	$	308

Contract Liabilities:
Short-term advance payments from customers	Other current liabilities	$	10	$	11
Long-term advance payments from customers	Other non-current liabilities	$	25	$	26

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net, include amounts billed and currently due from customers. The amounts due are stated at their net estimated realizable value. Losses on accounts receivable are recognized when reasonable and supportable forecasts affect the expected collectability. This requires us to make our best estimate of the current expected losses inherent in our accounts receivable at each balance sheet date. This estimate requires consideration of historical loss experience, adjusted for current conditions, forward looking indicators, trends in customer payment frequency and judgments about the probable effects of relevant observable data, including present and future economic conditions and the financial health of specific customers and market sectors. Our risk management process includes standards and policies for reviewing major account exposures and concentrations of risk.

Amounts for credit losses charged to expense, before recoveries, during each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were $43 and $54 million, respectively.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 4. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

We issue share-based awards under various incentive compensation plans, including non-qualified and incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and stock units ("RSUs") and restricted performance shares and performance units ("RPUs", collectively with RSUs, "Restricted Units"). Upon vesting, Restricted Units result in the issuance of the equivalent number of UPS class A common shares after required tax withholdings. Dividends accrued on Restricted Units are reinvested in additional Restricted Units at each dividend payable date and are subject to the same vesting and forfeiture conditions as the underlying Restricted Units.

Our primary equity compensation programs are the UPS Management Incentive Program (the "MIP"), the UPS Long-Term Incentive Performance Program (the "LTIP") and the UPS Stock Option program. We also maintain an employee stock purchase plan which allows eligible employees to purchase shares of UPS class A common stock at a discount.

Pre-tax compensation expense for share-based awards recognized in Compensation and benefits in the statements of consolidated income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $126 and $386 million, respectively.

Management Incentive Program

RPUs issued under the MIP prior to 2022 vested one year following the grant date based on continued employment with the Company and were expensed on a straight-line basis (less estimated forfeitures) over the requisite service period. In cases of death, disability or retirement, RPUs vested and were expensed immediately.

On November 2, 2022, the Compensation and Human Capital Committee of the UPS Board of Directors (the "Compensation Committee") amended and restated the terms and conditions of the MIP effective January 1, 2023, such that awards earned will be fully electable in the form of cash or unrestricted shares of class A common stock. The terms and conditions governing the 2022 MIP were also amended and restated to fully vest RPUs to be issued in connection therewith as of December 31, 2022. As a result, the award was classified as a compensation obligation and recorded in Accrued wages and withholdings on the consolidated balance sheet at that date.

Based on the Compensation Committee's approval of the 2022 MIP, we determined the award measurement date to be February 8, 2023 for U.S.-based employees and executive management, and March 20, 2023 for international employees. Each RPU issued under the MIP was valued using the closing New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") prices of $186.36 and $183.49 on those dates. The compensation obligation recognized as of December 31, 2022 was relieved and the issuance of RPUs was recorded as Additional Paid-in Capital on the measurement date.

Long-Term Incentive Performance Program

RPUs issued under the LTIP vest at the end of a three-year performance period, assuming continued employment with the Company (except in the case of death, disability or retirement, in which case immediate vesting occurs on a prorated basis). The actual number of RPUs earned is based on achievement of the performance targets established on the grant date.

The performance targets are equally weighted between adjusted earnings per share and cumulative free cash flow. The actual number of RPUs earned is subject to adjustment based on total shareholder return relative to the Standard & Poor's 500 Index ("S&P 500"). We determine the grant date fair value of the RPUs using a Monte Carlo model and recognize compensation expense (less estimated forfeitures) ratably over the vesting period, based on the number of awards expected to be earned.

Based on the Compensation Committee's approval of the 2023 LTIP award performance targets, we determined March 22, 2023 to be the award measurement date and each target RPU awarded was valued at $200.01.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The weighted-average assumptions used and the weighted-average fair values of the LTIP awards granted in 2023 and 2022 are as follows:


	2023			2022
Risk-free interest rate	3.81		%	2.35		%
Expected volatility	30.30		%	31.92		%
Weighted-average fair value of RPUs granted	$	200.01		$	227.00
Share payout	107.80		%	107.37		%

There is no expected dividend yield as units earn dividend equivalents.

Non-Qualified Stock Options

We grant non-qualified stock options to a limited group of eligible senior management employees under the UPS Stock Option program. Stock option awards vest over a five-year period with approximately 20% of the award vesting at each anniversary of the grant date (except in the case of death, disability or retirement, in which case immediate vesting occurs). The option grants expire 10 years after the date of the grant. On March 22, 2023, we granted 0.1 million stock options at an exercise price of $185.54, the NYSE closing price on that date.

The fair value of each option granted is estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted-average assumptions used and the weighted-average fair values of options granted in 2023 and 2022 are as follows:


	2023			2022
Expected dividend yield	3.54		%	2.35		%
Risk-free interest rate	3.70		%	2.39		%
Expected life (in years)	5.93			7.5
Expected volatility	28.31		%	25.04		%
Weighted-average fair value of options granted	$	41.08		$	48.45

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 5. MARKETABLE SECURITIES AND NON-CURRENT INVESTMENTS

The following is a summary of marketable securities classified as trading and available-for-sale as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in millions):


	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
March 31, 2023:
Current trading marketable securities:




Equity securities	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	6



Total trading marketable securities	6		—		—		6

Current available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency debt securities	761		2		(4)		759
Mortgage and asset-backed debt securities	9		—		—		9
Corporate debt securities	2,279		3		(6)		2,276
U.S. state and local municipal debt securities	3		—		—		3

Non-U.S. government debt securities	155		—		—		155


Total available-for-sale marketable securities	3,207		5		(10)		3,202

Total current marketable securities	$	3,213	$	5	$	(10)	$	3,208

	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
December 31, 2022:
Current trading marketable securities:




Equity securities	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	2



Total trading marketable securities	2		—		—		2

Current available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency debt securities	355		—		(8)		347
Mortgage and asset-backed debt securities	9		—		—		9
Corporate debt securities	1,472		—		(6)		1,466
U.S. state and local municipal debt securities	4		—		—		4

Non-U.S. government debt securities	165		—		—		165


Total available-for-sale marketable securities	2,005		—		(14)		1,991

Total current marketable securities	$	2,007	$	—	$	(14)	$	1,993

Investment Impairments

We have concluded that no material impairment losses existed as of March 31, 2023. In making this determination, we considered the financial condition and prospects of each issuer, the magnitude of the losses compared with the cost, the probability that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the security, the credit rating of the security and our ability and intent to hold these investments until the anticipated recovery in market value occurs.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Maturity Information

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of marketable securities as of March 31, 2023 by contractual maturity are shown below (in millions). Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.


	Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,727	$	1,726
Due after one year through three years	1,478		1,474
Due after three years through five years	2		2
Due after five years	—		—
	3,207		3,202
Equity securities	6		6
	$	3,213	$	3,208

Non-Current Investments

We hold non-current investments that are reported within Other Non-Current Assets in our consolidated balance sheets. Cash paid for these investments is included in Other investing activities in our statements of consolidated cash flows.

•Equity method investments: As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, equity securities accounted for under the equity method had a carrying value of $257 and $256 million, respectively.

•Other equity securities: Certain equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values are reported in accordance with the measurement alternative in ASC Topic 321 Investments - Equity Securities. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we held equity securities accounted for using the measurement alternative of $33 and $31 million, respectively.

•Other investments: We hold an investment in a variable life insurance policy to fund benefits for the UPS Excess Coordinating Benefit Plan. The investment had a fair market value of $19 and $18 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Fair Value Measurements

Marketable securities valued utilizing Level 1 inputs include active exchange-traded equity securities and equity index funds, and most U.S. government debt securities, as these securities all have quoted prices in active markets. Marketable securities valued utilizing Level 2 inputs include asset-backed securities, corporate bonds and municipal bonds. These securities are valued using market corroborated pricing, matrix pricing or other models that utilize observable inputs such as yield curves.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table presents information about our investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized to determine such fair value (in millions):


	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
March 31, 2023:
Marketable Securities:
U.S. government and agency debt securities	$	759	$	—	$	—	$	759
Mortgage and asset-backed debt securities	—		9		—		9
Corporate debt securities	—		2,276		—		2,276
U.S. state and local municipal debt securities	—		3		—		3
Equity securities	—		6		—		6
Non-U.S. government debt securities	—		155		—		155


Total marketable securities	759		2,449		—		3,208
Other non-current investments(1)	—		19		—		19
Total	$	759	$	2,468	$	—	$	3,227

(1) Represents a variable life insurance policy funding benefits for the UPS Excess Coordinating Benefit Plan.



December 31, 2022:	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
Marketable Securities:
U.S. government and agency debt securities	$	279	$	68	$	—	$	347
Mortgage and asset-backed debt securities	—		9		—		9
Corporate debt securities	—		1,466		—		1,466
U.S. state and local municipal debt securities	—		4		—		4
Equity securities	—		2		—		2

Non-U.S. government debt securities	—		165		—		165

Total marketable securities	279		1,714		—		1,993
Other non-current investments(1)	—		18		—		18
Total	$	279	$	1,732	$	—	$	2,011


(1) Represents a variable life insurance policy funding benefits for the UPS Excess Coordinating Benefit Plan.

There were no transfers of investments into or out of Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in millions):


	2023		2022
Vehicles	$	10,840	$	10,628
Aircraft	22,638		22,598
Land	2,143		2,140
Buildings	6,122		6,032
Building and leasehold improvements	5,142		5,067
Plant equipment	16,454		16,145
Technology equipment	2,445		2,411
Construction-in-progress	2,544		2,409
	68,328		67,430
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(33,333)		(32,711)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$	34,995	$	34,719

Property, plant and equipment purchased on account was $626 and $176 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

There were no material impairment charges during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Company-Sponsored Benefit Plans

Information about the net periodic benefit cost (income) for our company-sponsored pension and postretirement benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows (in millions):


	U.S. Pension Benefits				U.S. Postretirement Medical Benefits				International Pension Benefits
	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
Three Months Ended March 31:
Service cost	$	293	$	506	$	5	$	8	$	11	$	18
Interest cost	627		488		29		20		17		12
Expected return on assets	(742)		(820)		(3)		(1)		(21)		(20)


Amortization of prior service cost	27		23		—		—		—		—


Settlement and curtailment (gain) loss	—		—		—		—		—		(33)
Net periodic benefit cost (income)	$	205	$	197	$	31	$	27	$	7	$	(23)

The components of net periodic benefit cost (income) other than current service cost are presented within Investment income and other in the statements of consolidated income.

During the first quarter of 2022, we amended the UPS Canada Ltd. Retirement Plan to cease future benefit accruals effective December 31, 2023. We remeasured plan assets and benefit obligations for this plan, which resulted in a curtailment gain of $33 million ($24 million after-tax) during the three-month period. The gain is included in Investment income and other in the statement of consolidated income.

During the first quarter of 2023, we contributed $1.2 billion and $74 million to our company-sponsored pension and U.S. postretirement medical benefit plans, respectively. We expect to contribute approximately $78 and $44 million over the remainder of the year to our pension and U.S. postretirement medical benefit plans, respectively.

Multiemployer Benefit Plans

We contribute to a number of multiemployer defined benefit and health and welfare plans under the terms of collective bargaining agreements that cover our union-represented employees. Our current collective bargaining agreements set forth the annual contribution increases allotted to the plans that we participate in, and we are in compliance with these contribution rates. These limitations on annual contribution rates will remain in effect throughout the terms of the existing collective bargaining agreements.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had $819 and $821 million, respectively, recorded in Other Non-Current Liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets and $8 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 recorded in Other current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets associated with our previous withdrawal from the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund. This liability is payable in equal monthly installments over a remaining term of approximately 40 years. Based on the borrowing rates currently available to us for long-term financing of a similar maturity, the fair value of this withdrawal liability as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $710 and $686 million, respectively. We utilized Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy of valuation techniques to determine the fair value of this liability.

UPS was a contributing employer to the Central States Pension Fund (“CSPF”) until 2007 at which time UPS withdrew from the CSPF. Under a collective bargaining agreement with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (“IBT”), UPS agreed to provide coordinating benefits in the UPS/IBT Full Time Employee Pension Plan (“UPS/IBT Plan”) for UPS participants whose last employer was UPS and who had not retired as of January 1, 2008 (“the UPS Transfer Group”) in the event that benefits are reduced by the CSPF consistent with the terms of our withdrawal agreement with the CSPF. Under this agreement, benefits to the UPS Transfer Group cannot be reduced without our consent and can only be reduced in accordance with law. Subsequent to our withdrawal, the CSPF incurred extensive asset losses and indicated that it was projected to become insolvent. In such event, the CSPF benefits would be reduced to the legally permitted Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC") limits, triggering the coordinating benefits provision in the collective bargaining agreement.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In March 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act (“ARPA”) was enacted into law. The ARPA contains provisions that allow for qualifying multiemployer pension plans to apply for special financial assistance ("SFA") from the PBGC, which will be funded by the U.S. government. Following SFA approval, a qualifying multiemployer pension plan will receive a lump sum payment to enable it to continue paying unreduced pension benefits through 2051. The multiemployer plan is not obligated to repay the SFA. The ARPA is intended to prevent both the PBGC and certain financially distressed multiemployer pension plans, including the CSPF, from becoming insolvent through 2051. The CSPF submitted an application for SFA that was approved in December 2022 and, in January 2023, the CSPF received $35.8 billion from the PBGC.

We account for the potential obligation to pay coordinating benefits under ASC Topic 715, which requires us to provide a best estimate of various actuarial assumptions in measuring our pension benefit obligation at the December 31st measurement date. As of December 31, 2022, our best estimate of coordinating benefits that may be required to be paid by the UPS/IBT Plan after SFA funds have been exhausted was immaterial.

The value of our estimate for future coordinating benefits will continue to be influenced by a number of factors, including interpretations of the ARPA, future legislative actions, actuarial assumptions and the ability of the CSPF to sustain its long-term commitments. Actual events may result in a change in our best estimate of the projected benefit obligation. We will continue to assess the impact of these uncertainties in accordance with ASC Topic 715.

Collective Bargaining Agreements

We have approximately 330,000 employees in the U.S. employed under a national master agreement and various supplemental agreements with local unions affiliated with the Teamsters. These agreements run through July 31, 2023. We have begun negotiating successor agreements with the Teamsters. We are negotiating in good faith in an effort to reach an agreement that is in the best interests of our employees, the Teamsters and UPS; however, no assurances of our ability to do so, or the timing or terms thereof, can be provided. Customers may reduce their business or stop doing business with us if they believe that such actions or threatened actions may adversely affect our ability to provide services. We may permanently lose customers if we are unable to provide uninterrupted service, and this could materially adversely affect us. The terms of future collective bargaining agreements also may affect our competitive position and results of operations. Furthermore, our actions or responses to any such negotiations, labor disputes, strikes or work stoppages could negatively impact how our brand is perceived and our corporate reputation and have adverse effects on our business, including our results of operations.

We have approximately 10,000 employees in Canada employed under a collective bargaining agreement with the

Teamsters which runs through July 31, 2025.

We have approximately 3,500 pilots who are employed under a collective bargaining agreement with the Independent Pilots Association ("IPA"). This collective bargaining agreement becomes amendable September 1, 2025.

We have approximately 1,800 airline mechanics who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with Teamsters Local 2727 which becomes amendable November 1, 2026. In addition, approximately 3,100 of our auto and maintenance mechanics who are not employed under agreements with the Teamsters are employed under collective bargaining agreements with the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (“IAM”). The collective bargaining agreement with the IAM runs through July 31, 2024.

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 8. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table indicates the allocation of goodwill as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in millions):


	U.S. Domestic Package		International Package		Supply Chain Solutions		Consolidated
December 31, 2022:	$	847	$	492	$	2,884	$	4,223
Acquired	—		—		9